LT1/LT4 Engine
Updated: 12/07/08
'92
- '93
GM's generation II
engine, the LT1, was introduced in '92 in the corvette and was rated at
300hp. In 93 the new 4th gen F-body arrived with the LT1 rated at
275hp. There are some significant differences between the new engine and
earlier small blocks. Among them are the opti-spark distributor located
on the front of the engine behind the gear driven water pump and crank
balancer. The block, heads, timing cover, water pump, intake manifold and
accessory brackets are not interchangeable with the earlier smallblocks.
Engine mounts and the bellhousing pattern remain the same. There were
early and later versions of the aluminum head. The early head had a
casting number of 10128374 and the later head had a casting number of
10128649.
The LT1 is reverse flow cooled meaning the water flows
through the heads first then the block, instead of through the block and then
the heads as is standard. Reverse flow cooling is a function of engine design
and does not require a special radiator. An overflow tank is necessary to
ensure there is no air in the system.
There are some differences between LT1's. The Corvette
got 4 bolt mains and Aluminum heads. The F-body cars got 2 bolt mains
and aluminum heads. The '94 - '96 Buick Roadmaster, Cadillac Fleetwood,
Chevrolet Caprice, police cars and the Impala SS got the 5.7L with 2 bolt mains
and cast iron heads and was rated at 265hp. There was also a 4.3L LT1
available in the big cars which is indistinguishable from the 5.7L, except for
the different casting number and 4.3 cast into the top of the block just ahead
of the bellhousing flange.
'94 Sequential Port Injection introduced this year. The new computer has a PROM that is not removable but can be reprogrammed. A mass airflow sensor was added to work with the map sensor still in use.
'95 A drain tube was added to the distributor to remove condensation buildup. The distributor has a new electrical connector which is not compatible with the earlier harnesses. The distributor drive was enlarged and will not interchange with '92 - '94 LT1s.
'96 The LT1 picked up 10 extra HP in the F-body cars with the addition of a second catalytic converter. OBD II makes its debut this year. A Crank Position Sensor is added. The LT4 is introduced as an option in the Corvette only and was rated at 330hp. A few of the supertuners offered special editions of the F-body cars with LT4's in them apart from the factory.
'97 The last year for the LT1 and available only in the F-body cars. The new C5 or fifth generation Corvette came equipped with the new third generation smallblock; an all new, all aluminum 5.7L with no resemblance to the 1st or 2nd generation small blocks.
LS1 Engine
'97
The LS1, GM's generation
III all aluminum engine makes it debut in the Corvette rated at 345hp.
The LS1 has a deep skirted all aluminum block with 6 bolt mains. This
block is 53 lbs. lighter than the LT1's block. The aluminum heads have
equally spaced tall, narrow ports which allows the injector spray to be aimed
directly at the back of the intake valve. The composite intake has a low
mounted plenum with the 15" long runners curving smoothly over the top of
it. The LS1 uses a crank fire distributorless ignition system with one
coil per cylinder. Corvette uses an electronic throttle while the V8
F-body uses a conventional throttle cable setup. The new Corvette uses a rear
mounted transaxle which is connected
to the engine by a torque tube, instead of using a conventional transmission.
'98 LS1 is introduced in the redesigned 4th gen F-body and is rated at 305hp. The LS1 engines used in the Corvette and the F-body are essentially the same with only minor differences. The Corvette has coil covers, different exhaust manifolds and the alternator mounted high on the left side requiring a remote power steering reservoir. The Corvette LS1 has a slightly different camshaft profile which allows the engine to meet emissions requirements without using an EGR valve. The F-body has exposed coils and the alternator mounted on the left side below the power steering pump with integral reservoir.
'99 Minor changes in the head and valve cover. Coils are now mounted on a bracket bolted to the valve cover as one unit instead of individually. Valve covers have center hold down bolts instead of the '97-'98 perimeter bolts.
Trucks
The new Vortec V8s available this year are versions of the
LS1 engine found in Camaros and Corvettes. The truck engines have a cast
iron block with aluminum heads and a different intake manifold with the plenum
above the runners. The truck LS1 variations are available in 4.8, 5.3 and
6.0 liters. The exhaust manifolds are cast iron and the alternator is
mounted high on the left side above the power steering pump with integral
reservoir. The A/C compressor is mounted low on the right side like the
LS1. The Vortec V8 transmission will bolt up to the Camaro and Corvette
engines.
'00 F-bodies receives cast exhaust manifolds.
'01 F-bodies received a new cam profile
which allowed removal of the EGR valve.
2001 and 2002 F-body receive the ZO6 intake manifold.
LS6 version of the LS1
available in the Z06 Corvette 385hp.
Corvette LS1 rated at 345 hp
'02 Corvette LS6 receives 405hp
Last year for the
F-bodies.
'03 No
notable changes for this year
'04 New
Australian built GTO introduced.
Powered by a 350 hp LS1.
Available with 4L65E or T56 Transmission and a independent rear with
3.46 rear gears
GTO uses a front sump oil pan
Cadillac
CTS-V introduced with the LS6 engine and T56.
LS2 Engine
'05 6.0
Liter LS2 engine introduced, rated at 400 hp and 400 ft lbs of torque.
LS2 base engine for Corvette, Chevrolet SSR and Pontiac GTO. C6 Corvette introduced.
'06 LS2
introduced in Cadillac CTS-V and Trailblazer SS. New
Corvette ZO6 has a 7.0 Liter LS7 engine - 427 cu in
Rated at 500 hp and 475 ft lbs of torque using a dry sump oil system
'07
No significant
changes
LS3 Engine
'08
6.2 Liter LS3
engine introduced, rated at 430hp and 424 ft lbs of torque.
The new heads have shorter more square
intake ports similar to the LS7.
'09 De-rated to 402hp version of the LS3
used in the Pontiac G8 GXP sedan.
New ZR1 engine introduced, a 6.2L Supercharged
and intercooled engine with 620 hp and 600 ft lbs of torque.
'10 The
new Camaro will have two V8 engines available, the 1SS V8 will be the L99 which
is a 400hp 6.2L
with Variable Valve
Timing, Active Fuel Management and only with an Automatic Transmission.
The 2SS V8
will have the LS3.
LT1 Horsepower Torque
F-body 93
– 95 275 325
96
– 97 285 325
Caprice 94
– 96 260 330
Corvette 92 –
96 300 340
LT4 96 345
LS1 Horsepower Torque
F-body 98
– 99 305 335
00
320 345
01
– 02 325 350
Corvette 97 –
00 345 350
01
– 04 350 375
LS6 01
385 385
02
- 04 405 400
LS2 Horsepower Torque
05
- 06 400 395
LS3 Horsepower Torque
08
- 09 430 424
LS7 Horsepower Torque
06-09 505 475